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Metaphysics

Subcategories

Dualism2 Idealism12 Materialism10

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Indian Lokāyata (Cārvāka) Materialist School (c. 6th century BCE–2nd century CE)

600 BCE - 1350

Immanuel Kant: development and debates over transcendental idealism (1781–1797)

1781 - 1797

George Berkeley's immaterialism and its controversies (1710–1753)

1709 - 1753

Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling's nature-philosophy and later idealism (1798–1854)

1797 - 1854

French Enlightenment Materialist Circle: Diderot, Holbach, and the Encyclopédie Debates (1730–1789)

1746 - 1789

Epicurean Materialism in the Hellenistic World (c. 307 BCE–3rd century CE)

306 BCE - 300

Eliminative Materialism and Neurophilosophy: Paul and Patricia Churchland (1970s–1990s)

1979 - 2024

Contemporary Substance Dualism: Religious and Philosophical Defenses (1970s–present)

1976 - 2017

Contemporary Scientific Materialism and Physicalist Debates (1990s–present)

1991 - 2023

British Absolute Idealism: F.H. Bradley, T.H. Green, and the British school (c. 1865–1916)

1874 - 1916

Behaviorism and Methodological Materialism in Psychology (John B. Watson to B.F. Skinner) (1913–1950s)

1913 - 1957

Advaita Vedanta under Adi Śaṅkara and medieval commentators (c. 8th–12th century)

700 - 1200

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