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City State Era

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Republic of Venice: Maritime Expansion and Ottoman Conflict (1204–1509)

1202 - 1509

Republic of Venice: Commercial Networks and the Fondaco System (1250–1500)

1097 - 1514

Republic of Urbino: Montefeltro Dukes and the Ducal Renaissance (1444–1538)

1443 - 1538

Republic of Siena: Civic Renaissance and Fall to Florence (1203–1555)

1203 - 1557

Republic of Pisa: Maritime Peak and Decline after Meloria (1063–1406)

1063 - 1406

Republic of Lucca: Independence, Banking, and the 1512 Crisis (1160–1512)

1119 - 1512

Republic of Genoa: Bank of Saint George and Financial Hegemony (1284–1528)

1261 - 1557

Republic of Florence: Medici Ascendancy (1434–1494)

1434 - 1494

Republic of Amalfi: Maritime Peak and Norman Conquest (800–1135)

839 - 1137

Papal States: Avignon Papacy, Return, and Internal Reforms (1305–1378)

1305 - 1378

Mantua: Gonzaga Rule and the Renaissance Court (1328–1627)

1328 - 1631

Kingdom of Naples: Angevin to Aragonese Transition (1266–1503)

1266 - 1503

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